COVID-19 Mini-Review: D614G Mutation as an Independent Risk-Factor to the Expression of ACE2 and DPP4 Associated Increased Severity in COVID-19

The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has struck more than 99 million people worldwide and had claimed 2 lives as of 23 January 2021, which affecting 221 countries/nations. Until now, the pandemic not shown signals slowing down, with no proven vaccine in sight. People are speculating on this unprecedented event. It is well documented that receptor-binding domain (RBD) viral spiked S1 glycoprotein directly bind angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP4) or CD26 (cluster differentiation 26) receptors lead to their entry. latest evidence demonstrated SAR-CoV-2 possesses genetic heterogeneity, existence a new variant, such D614G encoded S1. mutation involved changes amino acid sequence D (aspartic acid) into G (guanine) at position 614. was reported confer high infectivity became dominant form virus globally. Interestingly, current found protein increases its dependent ACE2 receptor, co-binding DPP4. This proclaims implied COVID-19 high-risk groups; aging population comorbidities; hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, constituted most lethal cases, overexpressed review aims find an association between severity relating expression DPP4 these groups. We proposed expressions were mutually inclusive for increase infectivity, but COVID-19’s patients.